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''The Pioneer Mother Memorial'', also known as ''Pioneer Mother'' and ''Pioneer Mothers'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cityofvancouver.us/ourcity/page/pioneer-mother )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!22057~!0#focus )〕 is a 1928 bronze sculpture by American artist Avard Fairbanks, installed at Esther Short Park in Vancouver, Washington, in the United States. The memorial depicts a mother and three children, and commemorates pioneer mothers who settled in the Pacific Northwest. The main female figure may depict Esther Short, one of the first U.S. citizens to arrive in Fort Vancouver. Commissioned by Vancouver banker Edward Crawford and his wife Ida for $10,000, it is one of the city's oldest works of public art, acquired in 1928 and unveiled in 1929. The sculpture was renovated around the start of the 21st century and is maintained by the City of Vancouver's Parks & Recreation department. ==Description== ''The Pioneer Mother Memorial'' is installed at Esther Short Park's north entrance, at the intersection of West 8th and Daniel Street (between Columbia and Esther Streets)〔 in Vancouver, Washington.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.planning.org/greatplaces/spaces/2013/ )〕 The park commemorates the pioneer woman and her husband Amos, who were among the first U.S. citizens to arrive in Fort Vancouver.〔 Note: Federal Writers Project.〕 Some sources say the memorial sculpture commemorates Esther Short specifically, while also "() all the brave mothers of the frontier" who settled in the Pacific Northwest.〔 Some sources say the sculpture's main female figure is Short herself, per the dedication ceremony's program. The sculpture was cast in Florence, Italy, where Fairbanks was working on his Guggenheim Fellowship.〔 The memorial features a full-length bronze figure depicting a mother and three children. The woman wears traditional pioneer clothing, including a long dress, shawl, and shoes. She stands, facing forward, and holds a flintlock rifle in her proper right hand. The woman's opposite hand rests on the head of the taller of two girls at her proper left side.〔 The taller girl holds the shorter one with her proper left hand, while the shorter girl faces the taller one and rests against the mother's proper left knee. A young boy clings to the mother's dress and leans against her rifle. The sculpture measures approximately × × and rests on a concrete and granite base that measures approximately × × .〔 Behind the figure group is a concrete backdrop. Its reverse side includes a bronze medallion with a bas-relief depicting a team of oxen pulling a covered wagon. The animals are led by a man, and an "anxious" woman and baby are in the wagon.〔〔 A large barrel is attached to the wagon. The bottom of the medallion includes a relief of a cattle skull. The medallion has a diameter of approximately .〔 The memorial includes several inscriptions. One by the woman's foot reads, . The medallion has two inscriptions: one below the wagon displays a copyright symbol and reads, , while another says, . On the concrete backdrop below the medallion is the signed inscription: .〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Pioneer Mother Memorial」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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